G A L A T I A N S

Beware! Not to be read on a narrow screen!

For an introduction see my Substack post, 

Galatians’ shape: Do ye not hear the Torah?

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FRACTAL OUTLINE WITH FULL TEXT

THE EPISTLE OF THE HOLY APOSTLE PAUL
TO THE GALATIANS

Prologue. Feet (1:1‑5)

α.  Paul, an apostle

β.  (not of men, neither by man,

but by Jesus Christ 

χ.       and God the Father

who raised him from the dead (1:1)

ο.  And all the brethren which are with me,

ω.  unto the churches of Galatia: (1:2)


α.  Grace and peace be to you

β.  from God the Father,

and from our Lord Jesus Christ, (1:3) 

χ.       Who gave himself for our sins, 

that he might deliver us from this present evil world, 

ο.  according to the will of God and our Father: (1:4)

ω.  To whom be  glory unto the ages of ages. Amen. (1:5)

Α. Establishing Paul’s evangelical authority (1:6‑24)

α. I marvel 

β. that ye are so soon removed from Him that called you into the grace of Christ 

α.            ξ. unto a different gospel: Which is not another; 

ο. but there be some that trouble you, 

ω. and would pervert the gospel of Christ. (1:6‑7)

But though we, or an angel from heaven, 

α.       preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, 

let him be anathema. (1:8)

β.   As we said before, so say I now again, 

If anyone preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be anathema. (1:9)

For do I now persuade men, or God? 

β.                                χ.            or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased men, 

I should not be the servant of Christ. (1:10)

ο.   But I certify you, brethren, 

that the gospel which was preached of me is not after man. (1:11)

ω. For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ. (1:12)

α. For ye have heard of my conversation in time past in Judaism, 

β. how that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, 

χ.                       ξ. and wasted it: (1:13)

ο. And profited in Judaism above many my equals in mine own nation, 

ω. being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. (1:14)

But when it pleased God, 

who separated me from my mother’s womb, 

α.             and called me by his grace, (1:15)

To reveal his Son in me, 

that I might preach him among the heathen; 

β.  immediately I conferred not with flesh and blood: (1:16)

ο.                          χ.  Neither went I up to Jerusalem to them which were apostles before me; 

ο.  but I went into Arabia, and returned again unto Damascus. (1:17)

Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem 

to visit Peter, 

ω.             and abode with him fifteen days. (1:18)

But other of the apostles saw I none, 

save James the Lord’s brother. (1:19)

α. Now the things which I write unto you, behold, before God, I lie not. (1:20)

β.   Afterwards I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia; (1:21)

But was unknown by face 

ω.                      χ.        unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ: (1:22)

But they had heard only, 

That he which persecuted us 

aforetime 

ο.             now preacheth the faith 

which aforetime 

he wasted. (1:23)

ω. And they glorified God in me. (1:24)

Β. The history of the circumcision question being resolved among the Apostles (ch. 2)

Then fourteen years after I went up again to Jerusalem 

α.       with Barnabas, taking along Titus also. (2:1)

And I went up by revelation, 

β. and communicated unto them that gospel which I preach among the Gentiles, 

α.                       χ. but privately to them which were of reputation, 

ο. lest by any means I should run, or had run, in vain. (2:2)

ω. But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised: (2:3)

And that because of false brethren unawares brought in, 

who came in privily to spy out our freedom which we have in Christ Jesus, 

α.             that they might enslave us: (2:4)

To whom not even for an hour did we yield in subjection, 

that the truth of the gospel might continue with you. (2:5)

But from those who were somewhat reputed, 

β.  (whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: 

God accepteth no man’s person) – 

they who were reputed added nothing to me: (2:6)

But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the foreskinned was entrusted unto me, 

β.                                 ξ.        as that of the circumcision was unto Peter; (2:7)

(For he that imparted energy in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision 

imparted energy in me toward the Gentiles:) (2:8)

Perceiving the grace that was given unto me, 

James, Cephas, and John (who were reputed to be pillars) 

ο.             gave their right hands to me and Barnabas in communion; 

so that we should go unto the Gentiles, 

and they unto the circumcision. (2:9)

ω.  Only they would that we should remember the poor; 

the same which I also was inclined to do. (2:10)

α. But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. (2:11)

β. For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: 

χ.                       χ. but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, 

ο. fearing them which were of the circumcision. (2:12)

ω. And the other Judeans dissembled likewise with him; insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away with their dissimulation. (2:13)

But when I saw that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, 

α.  I said to Peter in front of all,                                                                                                                                                                               (2:14)

‘If thou, being a Judean, livest after the manner of Gentiles, and not as the Judeans, why compellest thou the Gentiles to Judaize?’ 

We who are Judeans by nature, and not sinners of the Gentiles, (2:15)

β.  Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Torah, 

but by the faithfulness of Jesus Christ, 

ο.                       χ.  even we have been faithful in Jesus Christ, 

that we might be justified by the faithfulness of Christ, 

ο.  and not by the works of the Torah: 

for by the works of the Torah shall no flesh be justified. (2:16)

But if, while we seek to be justified by Christ, we ourselves also are found sinners, 

ω.  is therefore Christ the minister of sin? God forbid. (2:17)

For if I build again the things which I destroyed, I make myself a transgressor. (2:18)

α. For I through the Torah am dead to the Torah. (2:19a)

β. That I might live unto God, I am crucified with Christ: (2:19b‑20a)

nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: 

and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faithfulness of the Son of God, 

ὃ δὲ νῦν – and that which now 

ζῶ – I live 

ω.                      χ.                       ἐν σαρκί, – in the flesh, 

ἐν πίστει – in faithfulness

ζῶ – I live, 

τῆ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ – the [faithfulness] of the Son of God, 

who loved me, and gave himself for me. (2:20)

ο. I do not cast aside the grace of God: 

ω. for if justification come by the Torah, then Christ is dead in vain. (2:21)

Χ. As promised, Abraham’s faithfulness fulfilled in Christ, the Torah being an interim tutor (3:1‑26)

O foolish Galatians, 

α.  who hath bewitched you, that ye should not have confidence in the truth, 

before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth among you as crucified? (3:1)

β. This only would I learn of you, Received ye the Spirit by the works of the Torah, 

or by the hearing of faithfulness? (3:2)

α.                                 χ. Are ye so foolish? 

having made a beginning in the Spirit, 

ο. are ye now made complete by the flesh? (3:3)

ω.  Have ye suffered so many things in vain? 

if it be yet in vain. (3:4)

He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, 

and imparteth energy in you to work miracles, 

α.        doeth he it by the works of the Torah, 

or by the hearing of faithfulness? (3:5)

Even as Abraham WAS FAITHFUL TO GOD, 

AND IT WAS RECKONED UNTO HIM FOR JUSTIFICATION [Gen. 15:6]. (3:6)

β. Know ye therefore that they which are of faithfulness, the same are the sons of Abraham. (3:7)

And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles [ἔθνη] through faithfulness, 

β.                          χ.    evangelized Abraham in advance, saying, IN THEE SHALL BE BLESSED ALL THE NATIONS [ἔθνη] 

[Gen. 12:3, 18:18, 22:18, 26:4, 28:14]. (3:8)

ο. So then they which be of faithfulness are blessed with faithful Abraham. (3:9)

For as many as are of the works of the Torah are under the curse: 

for it is written, CURSED IS EVERY ONE THAT CONTINUETH NOT 

IN ALL THINGS WHICH ARE WRITTEN IN THE BOOK OF THE TORAH TO DO THEM [Deut. 27:26]. (3:10)

ω.       But that no one is justified by the Torah in the sight of God, it is evident: 

for, THE JUST SHALL LIVE BY FAITHFULNESS [Hab. 2:4]. (3:11)

And the Torah is not of faithfulness: 

but, THE MAN THAT DOETH THEM SHALL LIVE IN THEM [Lev. 18:5]. (3:12)

Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the Torah, 

α.  having become a curse for us: 

for it is written, CURSED IS EVERY ONE THAT HANGETH ON A TREE [Deut. 21:23]: (3:13)

β.  That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; 

that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faithfulness. (3:14)

Brethren, humanly speaking, 

χ.                       χ.  though it be but a man’s covenant, yet if it be confirmed, 

no man casteth it aside, or addeth thereto. (3:15)

Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. 

ο.  He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; 

but as of one, AND TO THY SEED [Gen. 12:7, 13:15, 24:7 LXX], which is Christ. (3:16)

And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, 

ω.  the Torah, which came four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, 

that it should make the promise of none effect. (3:17)

α.  For if the inheritance be of the Torah, it is no more of promise: 

but God gave it to Abraham by promise. (3:18)

What then is the Torah? 

β.   It was added because of transgressions, 

till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; 

ο.                       χ.  and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator. (3:19)

Now a mediator is not a mediator of one, but God is one. (3:20)

Is the Torah then against the promises of God? God forbid: 

ο.   for if there had been a Torah given which could have given life, 

verily justification should have been by the Torah. (3:21)

ω.  But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, 

that the promise by faithfulness of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe. (3:22)

α.  But before faithfulness came, we were kept under the Torah, 

β.  enclosed unto the faithfulness which should afterwards be revealed. (3:23)

ω.                      ξ.  Wherefore the Torah was our tutor to bring us unto Christ, 

that we might be justified by faithfulness. (3:24)

ο.  But after that faithfulness is come, we are no longer under a tutor. (3:25)

ω.  For ye are all sons of God by faithfulness in Christ Jesus. (3:26)

Ο. Adoption as sons and heirs; so cast out the bondwoman (3:27–5:6)

α.  For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ. (3:27)

   There is neither Judean nor Hellene, 

β.    there is neither slave nor free, 

there is neither male nor female: 

α.                        ξ.  for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. (3:28)

ο.  And if ye be Christ’s, then are ye Abraham’s seed, 

ω.  and heirs according to the promise. (3:29)

α.  Now I say, the heir, as long as he is a babe, 

differeth nothing from a slave, though he be lord of all; (4:1)

β.  But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father. (4:2)

Even so we, when we were babes, were enslaved under the elements of the world: (4:3)

But when the fullness of the time was come, 

God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, 

β.                      χ.                        born under the Torah, (4:4)

To redeem them that were under the Torah, 

that we might receive the adoption of sons. (4:5)

ο.  And because ye are sons, 

God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, “Abba, Father.” (4:6)

ω.  Wherefore thou art no more a slave, but a son; 

and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ. (4:7)

Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye served as slaves unto them which by nature are no gods. (4:8)

But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, 

α.                       how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, 

whereunto ye desire again to serve as slaves? (4:9)

Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years. (4:10)

I am afraid of you, 

lest I have toiled for you in vain. (4:11)

β.                       Become as I am; 

since I became as ye are, brethren, I beseech you: 

ye did not injure me at all. (4:12)

Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I evangelized you at the first. (4:13)

And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; 

χ.                                                ξ.                        but received me as an angel of God, 

even as Christ Jesus. (4:14)

What then has become of your blessedness? I bear you witness, that, if possible ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me. (4:15)

Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth? (4:16)

They are zealous for you not in a good way; 

rather, they wish to have you shut out, 

ο.                       that ye might be zealous for them. (4:17)

But it is good to be zealous in good always, 

and not only when I am present with you. (4:18)

My little children, 

of whom again I travail in birth 

ω.                      until Christ be formed in you, (4:19)

I wish to be present with you now, 

and to change my voice; for I am perplexed at you. (4:20)

Tell me, ye that desire to be under the Torah, do ye not hear the Torah? (4:21)

For it is written that Abraham had two sons, 

α.                       the one by a bondwoman, the other by a freewoman. (4:22)

But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise. (4:23)

Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; 

the one from Mount Sinai, 

which gendereth to slavery, which is Hagar. (4:24)

β.                       For this Hagar is Sinai Mount in Arabia, 

and correspondeth to the present Jerusalem, 

which serveth in slavery with her children. (4:25)

But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all. (4:26)

For it is written [Is. 54:1], REJOICE, THOU BARREN THAT BEAREST NOT; 

ο.                                           χ.             BREAK FORTH AND CRY, THOU THAT TRAVAILEST NOT: 

FOR THE DESOLATE HATH MANY MORE CHILDREN THAN SHE WHICH HATH AN HUSBAND. (4:27)

For we brethren, like Isaac, are children of promise. (4:28)

But as then 

ο.                       he that was born after the flesh persecuted 

him that was born after the Spirit, 

even so it is now. (4:29)

Nevertheless what saith the scripture? 

CAST OUT THE BONDWOMAN AND HER SON: 

ω.                       FOR THE SON OF THE BONDWOMAN SHALL NOT BE HEIR WITH THE SON OF THE FREEWOMAN. [Gen. 21:10] (4:30)

So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the freewoman. (4:31)

Stand fast therefore in the freedom wherewith Christ hath made us free, 

and be not entangled again with the yoke of slavery. (5:1)

Behold, I Paul say unto you, 

α.        that if ye be circumcised, 

Christ shall profit you nothing. (5:2)

β.  For I testify again to every man that is circumcised, that he is a debtor to do the whole Torah. (5:3)

Christ is become of no effect unto you, 

ω.                                          χ.        whosoever of you are justified by the Torah; 

ye are fallen from grace. (5:4)

ο.  For we through the Spirit wait for the hope of justification by faithfulness. (5:5)

For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth any thing, 

ω.       nor foreskinnedness; 

but faithfulness made effective [energized] by love. (5:6)

Ω. Teaching the freedom of the Spirit, not of the flesh (5:7–6:10)

Ye did run well; 

α.        who did hinder you that ye should not have confidence in the truth? (5:7)

This persuasion cometh not of Him that calleth you. (5:8)

β.  A little leaven leaveneth the whole lump. (5:9)

α.                                 ξ.  I have confidence in you through the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded: 

but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. (5:10)

And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision, 

ο.        why do I yet suffer persecution? 

then is the offence of the cross ceased. (5:11)

ω.  I would that they would even cut themselves off entirely which trouble you! (5:12)

For ye have been called unto freedom, brethren; 

only use not freedom for an occasion to the flesh, 

ς.             but by love serve [as slaves] one another. (5:13)

For the whole Torah is fulfilled in one word, in this: 

THOU SHALT LOVE THY NEIGHBOUR AS THYSELF [Lev. 19:18]. (5:14)

β.            ζ.  But if ye bite and devour one another, 

     take heed that ye be not consumed one of another. (5:15)

η.  I say, then, Walk in the Spirit, 

and ye shall not satisfy the desire of the flesh. (5:16)

For the flesh desireth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: 

and these are contrary the one to the other: 

ς.        so that ye cannot do the things that ye would. (5:17)

But if ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the Torah. (5:18)

Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; 

Adultery, 

fornication, 

impurity, 

licentiousness, (5:19)

Idolatry, 

sorcery [pharmakeia], 

enmities, 

contentions [ἔρεις], 

jealousies, 

χ.                      ζ.                                                                  angers, 

factions [ἐριθεῖαι], 

divisions, 

heresies, (5:20)

Envyings, 

murders, 

intoxications, 

revellings, 

and like things: 

of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, 

that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God. (5:21)

But the fruit of the Spirit is 

love, –  {to logikon}

joy, –  {to epithymikon}                                                     –  {to logikon}

peace,  –  {to thymikon}

longsuffering, –  {to logikon}

η.                                            kindness,  –  {to thymikon}                    –  {to thymikon}

goodness, –  {to epithymikon}

faithfulness, –  {to logikon} (5:22)

Meekness,  –  {to thymikon}                                  –  {to epithymikon}

temperance: –  {to epithymikon}

against such there is no Torah. (5:23)

And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with its passionate acts and desires. (5:24)

ς.        If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit. (5:25)

Let us not become vainglorious, provoking one another, envying one another. (5:26)

Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a trespass, 

ζ.        ye which are Spiritual, restore such an one in the Spirit of meekness; 

ο.                                      considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. (6:1)

Bear ye one another’s loads, and so fulfill the Torah of Christ. (6:2)

For if a man think himself to be something, when he is nothing, he deceiveth himself. (6:3)

η.             But let every man prove his own work, 

and then shall he have boasting in himself alone, and not in another. (6:4)

For every man shall bear his own burden. (6:5)

Let, then, him that is taught the word share communion in all good things with him that teacheth. (6:6)

Κοινωνείτω δὲ – Let share communion, then,

ὁ κατηχούμενος – him that is taught 

α.             τὸν λόγον – the word

τῷ κατηχοῦντι – with him that teacheth

ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς. – in all good things.

β.  Be not deceived; God is not mocked: 

for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap. (6:7)

ω.                                           χ/ξ.  For he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption; 

   but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting. (6:8)

And in doing good

let us not be weary: 

ο.             for in due time 

we shall reap, 

if we faint not. (6:9)

ω.  Therefore, since we have time, let us work good unto all, 

especially unto them who are of the household of faithfulness. (6:10)

Epilogue. Head (6:11‑18)

feet.  Ye see with what large letters unto you 

I have written with mine own hand. (6:11)

α.   As many as would make a fair show in the flesh, they constrain you to be circumcised; 

 only that they may not suffer persecution for the cross of Christ. (6:12)

β.  For neither they themselves who are circumcised keep the Torah; 

but would have you circumcised, that they may boast in your flesh. (6:13)

But God forbid that I should boast, save in the cross 

ἐμοὶ δὲ – But that I 

μὴ γένοιτο – may it not be [God forbid] 

καυχᾶσθαι – should boast 

εἰ μὴ – if not 

ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ – in the cross 

χ.                 of our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom

τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν – of our Lord

Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, – Jesus Christ, 

δι᾿ οὗ – through whom 

the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world. (6:14)

ἐμοὶ – unto me

κόσμος – [the] world

ἐσταύρωται – is crucified

κἀγὼ – and I

κόσμῳ. – to [the] world.

For in Christ Jesus 

neither circumcision availeth any thing, nor foreskinnedness, 

ο.             but a new creature. (6:15)

And as many as walk according to this canon, 

peace be on them, and mercy, and upon the Israel of God. (6:16)

ω.  From henceforth let no man trouble me: 

 for I bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus. (6:17)

The grace 

of our Lord 

head.            Jesus Christ be 

with your spirit, 

brethren. 

Amen. (6:18)

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